UK Public Sector GitHub Observatory
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openregister / Code

28 languages, 67.2 MB of source, and what the live estate is written in today.

Language figures come from GitHub's own per-repository byte counts, which measure source rather than a single headline label. File counts and repository sizes come from the mirrors themselves. The two tell different stories, and the difference is the point.

The codebase

28
languages in use
67.2 MB of source
27.7k
files at HEAD
across every analysed repository
0 B
on disk as mirrors
full history, every branch and tag
82.8 MB
largest repository
industrial-classification-data

What stands out

One archived repository holds 14% of all the bytes.

industrial-classification-data is 82.8 MB of git - a 2013 static snapshot of www.gov.uk, not source code. It single-handedly makes HTML the largest language by volume (88% of all source bytes). Any size or language statistic that does not exclude it is measuring an archive, not a codebase.

Sizes here are GitHub's reported figures.

This organisation was harvested with blobless partial clones, which fetch every commit and file path but not file contents, so there is no local size to measure against. Checked elsewhere in this dataset against 1,526 fully mirrored repositories, GitHub's reported size is accurate to within about six percent.

Ruby is the house language, but its share is falling.

Ruby is the primary language of 21% of archived repositories but only 0% of live ones. Python, Go, TypeScript and HCL have taken the difference - the signature of a shift from monolithic Rails publishing apps toward data pipelines, infrastructure-as-code and platform tooling.

Most repositories are small; a handful are enormous.

71% of repositories are under a megabyte of git data. The estate is not a monolith - it is a very long tail of small services, gems and prototypes around a few large publishing applications.

Languages, two ways

By volume of source

Bytes of code. Dominated by archived static HTML.

HTMLHTML: 59.0 MB59.0 MBCSSCSS: 2.0 MB2.0 MBJavaJava: 1.6 MB1.6 MBJavaScriptJavaScript: 1.3 MB1.3 MBRubyRuby: 1.1 MB1.1 MBScalaScala: 664.2 kB664.2 kBPythonPython: 552.8 kB552.8 kBRR: 219.6 kB219.6 kBHamlHaml: 149.3 kB149.3 kBElixirElixir: 138.6 kB138.6 kBSCSSSCSS: 102.5 kB102.5 kBHCLHCL: 100.5 kB100.5 kBShellShell: 63.1 kB63.1 kBMakefileMakefile: 59.9 kB59.9 kB

By number of repositories

How many repositories name each language as their primary one. A better guide to what engineers actually work in.

HTMLHTML: 5353JavaScriptJavaScript: 4141CSSCSS: 4141ShellShell: 4040PythonPython: 3939MakefileMakefile: 3030RubyRuby: 2929RR: 2525JavaJava: 1313ElixirElixir: 55ScalaScala: 44CoffeeScriptCoffeeScript: 44DockerfileDockerfile: 33SCSSSCSS: 33

Live estate versus archive

The same language ranking, split by whether the repository is still active. The shift is the clearest signal of technical direction in the whole dataset.

Active repositories

RubyRuby: 00RR: 00HTMLHTML: 00PythonPython: 00JavaJava: 00CSSCSS: 00MakefileMakefile: 00JavaScriptJavaScript: 00ElixirElixir: 00ScalaScala: 00

Archived repositories

RubyRuby: 2525RR: 1919HTMLHTML: 1414PythonPython: 1212JavaJava: 1212CSSCSS: 1111MakefileMakefile: 66JavaScriptJavaScript: 55ElixirElixir: 33ScalaScala: 22

Scale

Repository size distribution

Git data per repository, log-ish buckets.

483624120< 10 kB: 19< 10 kB< 100 kB: 29< 100 kB< 1 MB: 48< 1 MB< 10 MB: 24< 10 MB< 100 MB: 15< 100 MB100 MB +: 0100 MB +

Commits against files

Each circle is a repository, sized by number of distinct authors. Both axes are logarithmic. The diagonal band is the normal relationship between codebase size and churn; outliers above it are long-lived apps with heavy iteration, below it are dumps and imports.

3.8k718.0137.126.25.0111.5131.91.5k17.4kaddress-lookup-frontend: 1,083 commits, 118 files, 59 authorsaddress-matcher: 187 commits, 90 files, 2 authorsaddress-reputation-ingester: 532 commits, 162 files, 17 authorsaddress-tooling: 25 commits, 82 files, 2 authorsaddressbase-demo: 22 commits, 60 files, 1 authorsapprenticeship-data: 39 commits, 23 files, 6 authorsapproved-open-standard-guidance-data: 7 commits, 5 files, 3 authorsbuyers-list-matching: 13 commits, 8 files, 3 authorscards: 6 commits, 6 files, 1 authorscertificate-transparency-docker: 23 commits, 4 files, 2 authorscharity-data: 12 commits, 6 files, 3 authorscheck-demo: 24 commits, 77 files, 3 authorscommodity-code-data: 14 commits, 16 files, 3 authorsconformance-test: 154 commits, 21 files, 23 authorsconsular-and-diplomatic-mission-data: 23 commits, 17 files, 2 authorscountry-data: 110 commits, 95 files, 18 authorscountry-update-demo: 22 commits, 76 files, 2 authorscreate-register-picker: 56 commits, 100 files, 4 authorsdashboard: 82 commits, 94 files, 2 authorsdata-workbench: 10 commits, 7 files, 2 authorsdemo-cookie-cutter: 19 commits, 66 files, 1 authorsdeployment: 1,835 commits, 121 files, 49 authorsdockerfiles: 8 commits, 1 files, 1 authorsfinder-demo: 11 commits, 87 files, 2 authorsfire-data: 24 commits, 21 files, 4 authorsfirebreak-2018: 30 commits, 94 files, 2 authorsfirebreak-projects.github.io: 19 commits, 3 files, 4 authorsfood-data: 21 commits, 26 files, 3 authorsfood-premises-demo: 19 commits, 344 files, 1 authorsfood-premises-registration-demo: 10 commits, 346 files, 4 authorsfood-ratings-demo: 110 commits, 361 files, 14 authorsfurther-education-college-uk-data: 11 commits, 7 files, 2 authorsgds_metrics_ruby: 50 commits, 75 files, 10 authorsgeneral-medical-practice-data: 6 commits, 7 files, 3 authorsgenerate-picker-data-file: 88 commits, 23 files, 3 authorsgeoindex: 26 commits, 77 files, 1 authorsgovernment-domain-data: 48 commits, 27 files, 10 authorsgovernment-domains: 5 commits, 15 files, 2 authorsgovernment-grant: 10 commits, 20 files, 1 authorsgovernment-organisation-data: 155 commits, 207 files, 11 authorsgovernment-service-data: 50 commits, 9 files, 8 authorsgovuk-registers-api-client: 161 commits, 39 files, 10 authorsgreen-deal-data: 18 commits, 21 files, 3 authorsindex-services-prototype: 32 commits, 82 files, 3 authorsindexer: 233 commits, 39 files, 12 authorsindustrial-classification-data: 67 commits, 102 files, 7 authorsintegrity-tool: 13 commits, 10 files, 6 authorsinternal-drainage-board-data: 26 commits, 22 files, 7 authorskibitz: 48 commits, 14 files, 2 authorslambda-updater: 7 commits, 4 files, 3 authorsland-demo: 16 commits, 72 files, 1 authorsloader: 92 commits, 21 files, 14 authorslocal-authority-boundary-data: 9 commits, 8 files, 2 authorslocal-authority-data: 273 commits, 117 files, 17 authorslocal-authority-demo: 49 commits, 50 files, 2 authorslocate-data-importer: 155 commits, 89 files, 3 authorslocation-product-page: 25 commits, 95 files, 3 authorsmanaging-registers: 809 commits, 225 files, 16 authorsmatching: 7 commits, 11 files, 2 authorsmint: 310 commits, 81 files, 16 authorsnational-portfolio-organisation-data: 7 commits, 8 files, 2 authorsnii: 22 commits, 474 files, 1 authorsnotifiable-animal-disease-data: 31 commits, 20 files, 5 authorsobjecthash-java: 47 commits, 26 files, 3 authorsoccupation-data: 26 commits, 13 files, 4 authorsopenregister-derivation: 63 commits, 31 files, 4 authorsopenregister-flask: 179 commits, 375 files, 8 authorsopenregister-frontend-alpha: 63 commits, 92 files, 6 authorsopenregister-java: 3,760 commits, 576 files, 75 authorsopenregister-python: 160 commits, 60 files, 5 authorsopenregister-ruby-client: 123 commits, 36 files, 12 authorsopenstreetmap-matcher: 7 commits, 12 files, 2 authorsorganisation-data: 9 commits, 20 files, 4 authorsorganisations-demo: 18 commits, 66 files, 4 authorspicker-picker: 21 commits, 81 files, 3 authorspipelines: 36 commits, 7 files, 4 authorspolice-data: 6 commits, 15 files, 3 authorspresentation: 888 commits, 596 files, 27 authorsprofession-capability-framework-data: 30 commits, 12 files, 3 authorspublic-body-classification-data: 64 commits, 32 files, 5 authorsqualification-data: 17 commits, 16 files, 3 authorsrails-picker-example: 26 commits, 99 files, 2 authorsrda-internal-manual: 5 commits, 91 files, 1 authorsreadapi-performance: 8 commits, 41 files, 2 authorsregister: 659 commits, 419 files, 17 authorsregister-browser: 9 commits, 19 files, 1 authorsregister-graph: 12 commits, 4 files, 3 authorsregister-office-data: 21 commits, 4 files, 2 authorsregisters-cli: 167 commits, 87 files, 8 authorsregisters-dev-manual: 37 commits, 31 files, 10 authorsregisters-frontend: 2,721 commits, 324 files, 36 authorsregisters-rfcs: 206 commits, 30 files, 4 authorsregisters-ruby-client-play-pen: 10 commits, 4 files, 2 authorsregisters-selfservice: 120 commits, 84 files, 4 authorsregisters-service-data: 5 commits, 7 files, 1 authorsregisters-upvote: 31 commits, 105 files, 2 authorsregisters_sprint_by_sprint: 7 commits, 126 files, 2 authorsregistration-district-data: 68 commits, 54 files, 6 authorsregistry-data: 1,038 commits, 342 files, 50 authorsroute-service: 14 commits, 334 files, 4 authorsschool-demo: 135 commits, 94 files, 4 authorsschool-eng-index-prototype: 5 commits, 17,408 files, 2 authorsschool-wls-data: 21 commits, 5 files, 4 authorsserializer: 51 commits, 9 files, 8 authorsshow-the-mess: 55 commits, 48 files, 2 authorssocial-housing-data: 13 commits, 17 files, 7 authorsspecification: 528 commits, 144 files, 16 authorsstatic-register-generator: 18 commits, 12 files, 2 authorsstatistical-geography-data: 59 commits, 37 files, 8 authorsvehicle-data: 21 commits, 14 files, 5 authorsverifiable-log: 92 commits, 29 files, 10 authorswestminster-parliamentary-constituency-data: 15 commits, 17 files, 1 authorswidgets-demo: 83 commits, 114 files, 12 authorswww: 151 commits, 405 files, 14 authorswww.openregister.org: 178 commits, 91 files, 12 authorsfiles at HEAD (log)commits (log)

The shape of a repository

Directory layout is the cheapest reliable signal of what a repository actually is. app/ with config/ and spec/ is a Rails application; src/ with test/ is Java or Node. Counted by how many repositories contain each top-level directory at HEAD.

Most common top-level directories

datadata: 4444listslists: 3535binbin: 3030configconfig: 2828liblib: 2525appapp: 2222publicpublic: 1717srcsrc: 1717RR: 1515teststests: 1515dbdb: 1313vendorvendor: 1313testtest: 1212requirementsrequirements: 1212loglog: 1212gradlegradle: 1010docsdocs: 88specspec: 88

Most common file extensions

By total file count across the estate.

.js.js: 12.5k12.5k.md.md: 1.8k1.8k.json.json: 1.5k1.5k.png.png: 1.4k1.4k.rb.rb: 818818.java.java: 676676.html.html: 649649.scss.scss: 593593.tid.tid: 491491.py.py: 411411.yml.yml: 392392.tsv.tsv: 344344.yaml.yaml: 318318.go.go: 274274.ts.ts: 273273.txt.txt: 253253

The twenty largest repositories

RepositoryLanguageGit size CommitsFilesStatus
industrial-classification-dataHTML82.8 MB67102archived
locate-data-importerScala62.8 MB15589archived
qualification-dataR53.2 MB1716archived
charity-dataR42.8 MB126archived
presentationJava42.2 MB888596archived
readapi-performanceBatchfile39.2 MB841archived
statistical-geography-dataHTML34.2 MB5937archived
government-organisation-dataHTML30.5 MB155207archived
openregister-javaJava18.3 MB3,760576archived
school-eng-index-prototypeCSS17.0 MB517,408archived
local-authority-dataRuby16.4 MB273117archived
licensed-aerodrome-dataR13.5 MB114archived
address-lookup-frontendJavaScript13.3 MB1,083118archived
address-reputation-ingesterScala11.7 MB532162archived
mintJava11.2 MB31081archived
commodity-code-dataR7.0 MB1416archived
organisation-dataPython6.7 MB920archived
food-dataR6.4 MB2126archived
public-body-classification-dataR5.5 MB6432archived
fire-dataR5.5 MB2421archived